Rather, it relies on user-supplied tables that relate drag coefficients to Mach and Reynolds numbers. The drag force depends the density of the fluid (ρ), the maximum cross-sectional area of the object(), and the drag coefficient (), which accounts for the shape of the object. For irregular fragments, like those from bombs or concrete walls, no two fragments have exactly the same shape. If the simplifications which are used for Barges (e.g., using a current drag coefficient of 1.0) are used on ships without any critical evaluation of the ship’s geometry, the resulting bollard pull can be highly overestimated, leading to the selection of a much oversized tug than necessary to tow the ship and subsequent high costs of towing.
Discussion in 'Hydrodynamics and Aerodynamics' started by fimp, Dec 27, 2011. It's pretty crazy to think that a perfect "half-teardrop" has a drag coefficient of 0.09 and we have road cars today that don't look like completely amorphous blobs that manage to get the drag coefficient down to numbers like 0.20. Hell I remember reading that the new A4 sedan has a drag coefficient of 0.23. The drag coefficient for any fragment is a fuietion of shape only. The velocity may be that of the object through the air (or any other gas) or the air velocity past a stationary object. Drag coefficients for the solid hemisphere, hollow hemisphere, and cube are independent of dimensions or Reynolds number. The most important theoretical formulas for small Reynolds numbers of Re ≪ 1 and semiempirical formulas for the drag coefficient in a wide Re range up to 106 are presented. Coefficients are given for a number of geometrical shapes and also for cars, airships and struts. This article, which is largely a review, deals with the drag force and drag coefficient for rigid spherical and deformable particles in ordinary and non-Newtonian fluids. We've just learned that the coefficient of drag (Cd) is a figure that measures the force of air resistance on an object, such as a car. The drag coefficient of a vehicle is affected by the shape of body of the vehicle. The Toyota Prius' unique shape is one factor that helps it get incredible fuel economy.
Drag force is of interest for applications like wind force on structures and drag force due to air resistance or water resistance on moving vehicles or other moving objects. The drag coefficient for the solid cone, ellipsoid, thin annular disk, solid cylinder, and solid square rod have drag coefficients that are functions of the shape's dimensions. Objects with a low drag coefficient are often referred to as having an aerodynamic or streamlined shape. The aerodynamic drag coefficient is a measure of the effectiveness of a streamline aerodynamic body shape in reducing the air resistance to the forward motion of a vehicle. The drag coefficient is a number which aerodynamicists use to model all of the complex dependencies of drag on shape, inclination, and some flow conditions. How To Calculate Drag Coefficient? The graphs and tables were developed from experimental data on objects of these shapes taken, for example, in wind tunnels. At 70 miles per hour (112.7 kilometers per hour), there's four times more force working against the car than at 35 miles per hour (56.3 kilometers per hour) [source: A rod with a hemispherical cross section will even have a drag coefficient of 2.3 (right column in the graph below). Rectangular Flat Plate Drag, Drag Coefficient Equation and Calculator Drag is the component of a force acting on a body that is projected along the direction of motion. © iStockphoto.com /TIM MCCAIG We've just learned that the coefficient of drag (Cd) is a figure that measures the force of air resistance on an object, such as a car. Air Flow Drag, Drag Coefficient Equation & Calculators Fluids Design and Engineering Data. Reducing Aerodynamic Drag and Fuel Consumption Computational Simulation of Tractor-Trailer Gap Flow with Drag-Reducing Aerodynamic Devices, P. Castellucci & K. Salari, Proc. 15. In all cases, the reference … Drag force is dependent upon the drag coefficient of the object and the geometry of the object. Typical ship drag coefficients. The velocity may be that of the object through the air (or any other gas) or the air velocity past a stationary object. The drag coefficient (non-dimensional drag) is equal to the drag force divided by the product of velocity pressure and frontal area.
The drag coefficient (Cd) is equal to the drag (D) divided by the quantity: density (r) times reference area (A) times one half of the velocity (V) squared.
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